Field notes

The rules you have to work to

Plain explanations of the UK regulations, deadlines and pricing decisions that decide whether a construction business makes money. Written for contractors, with the statute cited, and useful whether or not you ever buy anything from us.

38 articles

Invoicing

Why your quote and your invoice should be the same record

Most disputes on a small job start when the invoice and the quote were written separately. One record from quote to final account is the fix, and it costs nothing to start.

18 September 20261 min
Regulatory change

Awaab’s Law Phase 2: what changes on 30 November 2026

Nine hazard categories join the clocks, one definition moves, one carve-out arrives, and Scotland starts its own version seven weeks earlier. The dates, the instruments, and what a landlord and its contractors record.

16 September 202610 min
Regulatory change

CIS, VAT and MTD in 2026: what changed, and the dates fixed for 2027

One thing changed in April 2026, and it landed on labour-only subcontractors first. Two things people expected to change did not. And the dates for April 2027 are already on the statute book.

16 September 20268 min
Regulatory change

CDM, the F10 and the Building Safety Act: where the rules stand in 2026

The F10 thresholds are what they were in 2015. The thing that changed is that a principal contractor in England is now two appointments with one name, and a tall residential building is a different regime altogether.

16 September 20268 min
Pricing

What does construction software actually cost a UK contractor?

Five categories, six billing units and several vendors who publish nothing. The total a ten-person firm pays every month is arithmetic nobody sat down and did.

15 September 202617 min
Running the business

Replacing five systems with one: what actually happens

Five subscriptions become one, but not over a weekend. The data that imports, the month you run both, the person who liked the old way, and the one tool that does not go.

15 September 202610 min
Running the business

How to audit your construction software spend

Most firms cannot say what their software costs. It arrives as a dozen small direct debits nobody reviews, and two of them are for tools nobody has opened this year.

15 September 202613 min
Contracts

What is practical completion, and who decides it?

It has no definition in any statute, and six things change the moment it is certified, retention, damages, insurance and the defects clock among them.

7 September 20265 min
Handover

What is a snagging list, and what makes one hold up?

Most snagging lists are a spreadsheet of complaints. The ones that settle arguments record who, where, when and what a fix looks like.

7 September 20265 min
Estimating

What are preliminaries, and how do you price them?

The cost of running a site rather than building anything, and the part of a tender most often guessed at, then paid for out of the margin.

7 September 20265 min
Health & Safety

Construction phase plan: who writes it, and when is it required?

Required on every construction project, including the domestic ones most people assume are exempt. A generic template is the commonest failing an inspector finds.

7 September 20265 min
Contracts

Variations in construction: how to record and price them

The commonest reason a job finishes on a loss is not bad pricing. It is work done on a verbal instruction that nobody wrote down.

7 September 20265 min
Contracts

Liquidated damages: when can they be deducted?

A pre-agreed daily rate for lateness. Three conditions have to be satisfied first, and employers regularly deduct without meeting them.

7 September 20264 min
Handover

Defects liability period: what it covers and what it does not

It gives the contractor a right to come back and fix things, which is cheaper for everybody. It does not end liability when it closes.

7 September 20264 min
Contracts

Extension of time: what you must prove and by when

It moves the completion date and stops damages running. It does not by itself pay for anything, and the notice deadlines are where most claims are lost.

7 September 20264 min
Pricing

Markup and margin: the mistake that costs builders money

Adding 20% to your cost gives you a 16.7% margin, not 20%. On a £200,000 turnover that gap is around £6,600 a year, every year.

7 September 20264 min
Estimating

Provisional sums and PC sums: what each one commits you to

A defined provisional sum is in your programme. An undefined one is not, and that distinction decides who owns the delay.

7 September 20264 min
Pricing

Dayworks: when they apply and what the sheet must show

The valuation method of last resort, and the one most often used first. An unsigned sheet is an invoice nobody agreed to.

7 September 20264 min
Contracts

Subcontractor agreements: what must be in writing

The Construction Act applies whether you signed anything or not. What it implies, what you should still write down, and the two clauses that no longer work.

7 September 20264 min
Health & Safety

Scaffold inspections: the seven-day rule and what else triggers one

Every seven days, before first use, and after any event that could affect stability. The report has to be completed before the end of the working period.

7 September 20264 min
Health & Safety

Toolbox talks: what the law asks for and what makes one work

No regulation uses the phrase. The duty behind it is statutory, and the attendance record is what proves you met it.

7 September 20264 min
Health & Safety

Asbestos surveys: which one you need before work starts

A management survey does not cover work that disturbs the building. Starting refurbishment on one is the commonest and most serious mistake on older buildings.

7 September 20264 min
Payment

Final accounts: how to agree one without losing money

The last chance to be paid for anything. Miss the challenge period and the final certificate becomes conclusive evidence against you.

7 September 20264 min
Pricing

How to price a job properly: labour, materials, plant and overhead

Most underpriced jobs aren’t underpriced on the trade rate. They’re underpriced because the overhead was never in the number at all.

21 July 20267 min
Pricing

What is a Schedule of Rates, and when should you price work with one?

A pre-agreed price list for units of work. It takes the argument out of every small job and shifts the risk onto how accurately you measure.

14 July 20266 min
Gas

Landlord gas safety certificates: the CP12 rules explained

Twelve months, 28 days, two years, two months. Four numbers cover almost every landlord gas safety question.

7 July 20266 min
Electrical

Do I need an EICR, and how often?

For rented homes in England it’s five years, and it’s the law. Everything else depends on the installation, and the inspector sets the interval.

30 June 20266 min
Health & Safety

CDM 2015: when do I need to notify HSE on an F10?

Two thresholds decide it, and one of them has an "and" in it that half the industry reads as "or". Notification is also the least important part of CDM.

23 June 20266 min
Health & Safety

What must a RAMS actually contain?

A risk assessment says what could go wrong. A method statement says how the work will be done so it doesn’t. Most rejected RAMS have plenty of the first and none of the second.

16 June 20267 min
Social housing

Awaab’s Law: what social landlords must do about damp and mould

Ten working days to investigate, three to report back, five to make safe. The deadlines are statutory, they run in working days, and they’re enforceable in the county court.

9 June 20268 min
Getting paid

Getting paid faster: quoting, invoicing and chasing

Most late payment is caused before the invoice is sent. Fix the quote and the terms, then chase on a schedule rather than a feeling.

2 June 20268 min
Payment

What is retention, and how do you actually get it released?

Three per cent of a year’s turnover sitting in someone else’s bank account is a real number. Here’s how retention works, and how to get it back.

26 May 20266 min
Payment

Applications for payment vs invoices: what is the difference?

They look similar and behave completely differently. One starts a statutory notice clock in your favour. The other doesn’t.

19 May 20266 min
Payment

What is a pay less notice, and when must it be served?

Miss the deadline and the notified sum becomes payable in full, however wrong it is. It’s the single most expensive date in a UK construction contract.

12 May 20267 min
CIS

CIS gross payment status: how to get it, and how firms lose it

Being paid gross is worth real money in cash flow, because the 20% stops being withheld at source. Three tests get you there. One late VAT return takes it away.

6 May 20265 min
CIS

CIS tax months explained: why the 6th to the 5th matters

A payment dated the 3rd belongs to last month’s return. Get the tax month wrong and you file two returns incorrectly instead of one.

28 April 20266 min
CIS

How CIS deductions are calculated, and why materials are excluded

Take 20% off the whole invoice and you’ve underpaid your subcontractor. The deduction runs on the labour element only. Here’s the arithmetic, with examples.

21 April 20266 min
VAT

What is the VAT domestic reverse charge, and does it apply to my job?

Five conditions decide it, and one of them is a question only your customer can answer. Here’s how to work it out before you raise the invoice, not after it bounces.

14 April 20267 min
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Blog: UK Construction Regulations, Payment and Pricing — Estimark